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Exploring ES2016 and ES2017

Axel Rauschmayer

This book covers what’s new in ES2016 and ES2017. FREE ONLINE: http://exploringjs.com/es2016-es2017.html

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Author

About the Author

Axel Rauschmayer

Axel specializes in JavaScript and web development. He teaches classes for Ecmanauten, blogs at 2ality.com, holds talks and workshops at conferences and organizes the MunichJS user group.

Axel has been writing about ECMAScript 6 since early 2011.

Contents

Table of Contents

What you need to know about this book

  1. Support

About the author

  1. IBackground

1.The TC39 process for ECMAScript features

  1. 1.1Who designs ECMAScript?
  2. 1.2How is ECMAScript designed?
  3. 1.2.1Problem: ECMAScript 2015 (ES6) was too large a release
  4. 1.2.2Solution: the TC39 process
  5. 1.3Don’t call them ECMAScript 20xx features
  6. 1.4Further reading

2.FAQ: ES2016 and ES2017

  1. 2.1Isn’t ECMAScript 2016 too small?
  2. IIECMAScript 2016

3.Array.prototype.includes

  1. 3.1Overview
  2. 3.2The Array method includes
  3. 3.3Frequently asked questions
  4. 3.4Further reading

4.Exponentiation operator (**)

  1. 4.1Overview
  2. 4.2An infix operator for exponentiation
  3. 4.3Examples
  4. 4.4Precedence
  5. 4.5Further reading
  6. IIIECMAScript 2017

5.Async functions

  1. 5.1Overview
  2. 5.1.1Variants
  3. 5.1.2Async functions always return Promises
  4. 5.1.3Handling results and errors of asynchronous computations via await
  5. 5.2Understanding async functions
  6. 5.2.1Writing asynchronous code via generators
  7. 5.2.2Writing asynchronous code via async functions
  8. 5.2.3Async functions are started synchronously, settled asynchronously
  9. 5.2.4Returned Promises are not wrapped
  10. 5.3Tips for using await
  11. 5.3.1Don’t forget await
  12. 5.3.2You don’t need await if you “fire and forget”
  13. 5.3.3await is sequential, Promise.all() is parallel
  14. 5.4Async functions and callbacks
  15. 5.4.1Array.prototype.map()
  16. 5.4.2Array.prototype.forEach()
  17. 5.5Tips for using async functions
  18. 5.5.1Know your Promises
  19. 5.5.2Immediately Invoked Async Function Expressions
  20. 5.5.3Unit testing with async functions
  21. 5.5.4Don’t worry about unhandled rejections
  22. 5.6Further reading

6.Shared memory and atomics

  1. 6.1Parallelism vs. concurrency
  2. 6.1.1Models of parallelism
  3. 6.2A history of JS parallelism
  4. 6.2.1The next step: SharedArrayBuffer
  5. 6.3Shared Array Buffers
  6. 6.3.1Creating and sending a Shared Array Buffer
  7. 6.3.2Receiving a Shared Array Buffer
  8. 6.4Atomics: safely accessing shared data
  9. 6.4.1Problem: Optimizations make code unpredictable across workers
  10. 6.4.2Solution: atomics
  11. 6.4.3Problem: torn values
  12. 6.5Shared Array Buffers in use
  13. 6.5.1Shared Array Buffers and the run-to-completion semantics of JavaScript
  14. 6.5.2Shared Array Buffers and asm.js and WebAssembly
  15. 6.5.3Sharing data other than integers
  16. 6.5.4How much faster is code that uses Shared Array Buffers?
  17. 6.6Example
  18. 6.6.1Using a shared lock
  19. 6.6.2Implementing a shared lock
  20. 6.6.3Conclusion for the example
  21. 6.7The API for shared memory and atomics
  22. 6.7.1SharedArrayBuffer
  23. 6.7.2Atomics
  24. 6.8FAQ
  25. 6.8.1What browsers support Shared Array Buffers?
  26. 6.9Further reading

7.Object.entries() and Object.values()

  1. 7.1Overview
  2. 7.1.1Object.entries()
  3. 7.1.2Object.values()
  4. 7.2Object.entries()
  5. 7.2.1Setting up Maps via Object.entries()
  6. 7.2.2FAQ: Object.entries()
  7. 7.3Object.values()

8.New string methods: padStart and padEnd

  1. 8.1Overview
  2. 8.2Why pad strings?
  3. 8.3String.prototype.padStart(maxLength, fillString=' ')
  4. 8.3.1A simple implementation of padStart()
  5. 8.4String.prototype.padEnd(maxLength, fillString=' ')
  6. 8.5FAQ: padStart and padEnd
  7. 8.5.1Why aren’t the padding methods called padLeft and padRight?

9.Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors()

  1. 9.1Overview
  2. 9.2Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors()
  3. 9.3Use cases for Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors()
  4. 9.3.1Use case: copying properties into an object
  5. 9.3.2Use case: cloning objects
  6. 9.3.3Use case: cross-platform object literals with arbitrary prototypes
  7. 9.4Pitfall: copying methods that use super

10.Trailing commas in function parameter lists and calls

  1. 10.1Overview
  2. 10.2Trailing commas in object literals and Array literals
  3. 10.3Feature: allow trailing commas in parameter definitions and function calls

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