[{"_1":2,"_42":-5,"_43":-5},"loaderData",{"_3":4,"_10":11,"_40":-5,"_41":-5},"root",{"_5":-5,"_6":-5,"_7":-5,"_8":9},"user","shoppingCartId","toast","locale","en","routes/_store+/_readers+/email_author.$slug/route",{"_12":13,"_39":-5},"book",{"_14":15,"_16":17,"_18":19,"_20":21,"_22":23,"_24":25},"id","Z2lkOi8vbGVhbnB1Yi9TdG9yZTo6Qm9va1Byb2R1Y3QvNjEzMTA","title","A Language a Day","state","published","contactAuthorMethod","email","aboutText","

This book provides a concise overview of 21 different programming languages. Each language is introduced using the same approach: solving several programming problems to showcase its features and capabilities. Languages covered in the book: C++, Clojure, Crystal, D, Dart, Elixir, Factor, Go, Hack, Hy, Io, Julia, Kotlin, Lua, Mercury, Nim, OCaml, Raku, Rust, Scala, and TypeScript.

Each chapter covers the essentials of a different programming language. To make the content more consistent and comparable, I use the same structure for each language, focusing on the following mini projects:

1. Creating a ‘Hello, World!’ program.

2. Implementing a Factorial function using recursion or a functional-style approach.

3. Creating a polymorphic array of objects (a ‘zoo’ of cats and dogs) and calling methods on them.

4. Implementing the Sleep Sort algorithm—while impractical for real-word use, it’s a playful demonstration of language’s concurrency capabilities.

Each language description follows—where applicable—this pattern:

1. Installing a command-line compiler and running a program.

2. Creating and using variables.

3. Defining and using functions.

4. Exploring object-oriented features.

5. Handling exception.

6. Introducing basic concurrency and parallelism.

You can find all the code examples in this book on GitHub: github.com/ash/a-language-a-day.

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